this is whipper, a feather duster budgie. feather duster syndrome is a rare genetic mutation that causes uncontrollable growth of curly feathers, and is often ultimately fatal, as the birds cannot eat enough to maintain the energy needed for such growth. whipper, however, has been alive for several years, despite also having stubby wings that make it impossible to fly, and being blind. not much is known about this mutation, but it is suspected it resulted from inbreeding in english budgies.

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this unusually golden house sparrow is its strange color due to a genetic mutation called leucism. leucistic animals lack correct pigmentation, and can be varying shades paler than non-leucistic animals. leucistic birds have weaker feathers, and tend to be easy targets for predators, meaning that their rarity is increased since many of them don’t make it to adulthood.

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