a normally colored blue jay feeds a pure white offspring. it’s likely the young bird has leucism, a reduction in pigmentation. birds with abnormal coloration rarely make it to adulthood – many young birds don’t make it to their first year of life anyway, but added pressure from predators and rejection from other birds can affect birds with plumage differences.

(x)

common ravens may be stereotyped as aloof loners, but they are incredibly social birds. ravens live in a flock called an unkindness. flock members respond to calls for help and assist other flock members in defending against predators. ravens are monogamous, and pairs are devoted to each other and can frequently be seen together consistently engaging in ‘couple’ behaviors like preening.

(x)