researchers discovered that ravens use gestures to grab each other’s attention. referential gestures, like pointing, are common with humans and apes, but not often associated with non-primates. ravens were found grabbing and offering non-food items like moss, sticks, and rocks with their beaks to other ravens to grab their attention.

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though humans were once thought to be the only animals capable of planning for future events, scientists found that common ravens can pass these sorts of tests with flying colors. when given a tool that could be used to access a treat, the ravens took it and used it successfully. hours later, when given a lineup of objects they could choose from, the majority of ravens chose the tool, and held onto it for future use.

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